Seasonal Affective Disorder

By: Lindsey Bernhardt

As we enter the colder months, we enter a time where daylight is shorter and nights are longer. This shortened exposure to sunlight can often be coupled with feelings of sadness, depression, and/or exhaustion. Although it is common for most people to have these feelings occasionally, if these feelings are prolonged and persistent, they may be indicative of Seasonal Affect Disorder (SAD); also known as the “Winter Blues.” According to Mayo Clinic, SAD typically starts in the late fall and continues through the end of the winter season. Common symptoms of SAD include feelings of moodiness, tiredness, and depression. Additionally, some people have also reported difficulty concentrating, an increased need for sleep, and weight gain. 

How does sunlight have such a notable impact on our emotions and brains? 

Our bodies depend on sunlight to create both serotonin and Vitamin D on a regular basis. Both serotonin and vitamin D have an impact on our physical functioning and emotional states. Serotonin plays a role in regulating attention, body temperature, behavior, breathing, digestion, and other regular bodily functions. Vitamin D has been shown to have a significant impact on emotions and has a strong relationship with depressive symptoms (NIMH) . Therefore, a shortage of serotonin and Vitamin D has the potential to alter the way we feel. 

What do we do in the winter when there is less sunlight?

Short of moving to a year-round sunnier location, recommendations to prevent and manage SAD are plentiful. Light therapy, vitamin D supplementation, therapy, and medication are just a few options that doctors have recommended to deter the symptoms of inefficient sunlight exposure. Just acknowledging that these symptoms can occur during a seasonal change is a great first step in keeping the “blues” at bay. During these cold and dark days, be mindful of how much sunlight you are being exposed to and consult your doctor if you are feeling any of the symptoms that fall under seasonal affect disorder.